Common Yarrow, scientifically known as Achillea millefolium, is a versatile perennial herb belonging to the Asteraceae family native to Massachusetts. Often considered a weed, the Common Yarrow is valued for its ornamental value and ecological benefits. It spreads by blowing seeds and frequently “volunteers” in gardens in and around Groton. Before you pull it out, take a moment and reconsider it as a boon to your garden.
Common Yarrow typically grows between 1 to 3 feet tall, with a spread of 1 to 2 feet. It has a clumping growth habit with finely divided, fern-like leaves that are aromatic when crushed.
The flowers of Common Yarrow are small, daisy-like, and clustered in flat-topped umbels. They come in a variety of colors including white, yellow, pink, and red, depending on the cultivar. Flowering occurs from late spring to mid-summer and adds great texture and color to your garden throughout its life cycle. The foliage of Common Yarrow is deeply dissected, giving it a delicate appearance. The leaves are arranged alternately along the stem and are gray-green. It has a fibrous root system allows it to spread quickly and establish in various soil types.
Common Yarrow is a hardy plant that thrives in Groton’s climate. It prefers full sun but can tolerate partial shade provided the soil is well-drained. But it isn’t super picky and can tolerate poor, rocky soils, and is drought-tolerant once established. While Common Yarrow is drought-tolerant, regular watering is beneficial, especially during prolonged dry spells. It can be propagated from seed, division of established plants, or stem cuttings. Seeds can be sown directly in the garden in early spring or fall.
Common Yarrow is valued for its attractive flowers and foliage, making it a popular choice for borders, wildflower gardens, and naturalized areas making it an excellent choice for those looking to support the local ecology. This plant attracts pollinators such as bees and butterflies, making it beneficial for biodiversity in the garden. It also serves as a host plant for certain caterpillars and other beneficial insects.
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Common Yarrow is a low-maintenance plant that requires minimal care once established. Deadheading spent flowers can promote prolonged blooming and prevent self-seeding, which can be invasive in some areas. Dividing overcrowded clumps every few years can help rejuvenate the plant and maintain its vigor.
Because Common Yarrow is so robust in some areas, spreading rapidly through self-seeding and root expansion it is important to monitor its growth and prevent it from taking over desired areas.
Common Yarrow, a frequently overlooked wildflower, is a versatile and resilient plant with a wide range of uses in gardening. Its ability to thrive in diverse conditions and as a key host plant for caterpillars and insects it is a valuable addition to any garden or landscape.
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